Help For Unpublished Writers

(1) Unity of place and time: a piece of flash fiction has more impact if it takes place in a very limited number of places (one or two or maybe three) and in a limited amount of time (minutes, hours or days but not years.)

(2) There must be movement, some development. The movement can be slight and it can be internal but something must be different by the end of the story. A writer I was working with sent me a story where the protagonist went to visit his grandfather in a home. Neither had much to say to each other (it had been this way for years.) They had nothing to say to each other when the grandson got there and they had nothing to say to each other when the grandson left. I pointed this out to the writer. I told him what he had was a sketch, not a short story and if he wanted it to be a short story (it was around 800 words) something had to be different at the end of the story than what it was at the beginning. He solved the problem wonderfully.

At the beginning of the story the grandson asked his grandfather what he had for breakfast. The grandfather couldn’t remember and in time the grandson left. In the revision the grandfather once again couldn’t remember what he had for breakfast. What I remember is that the grandson got up to leave and the grandfather happily blurted out, “Scrambled eggs. I had scrambled eggs.” Of course, here the scrambled eggs, or the remembering of having scrambled eggs was a very small piece of movement but it was movement. From the grandfather not being able to remember to being able to remember had all kinds of implications for their relationship. It was all the movement the story needed. The story was published first time out.

Need help with a piece of flash fiction?  Submit it to The Pittsburgh Flash Fiction Gazette.  Only submissions that follow the stated submission guidelines will be read.

Critique Of A Flash Fiction Story

 

The following critique of a short story is one I gave in a workshop to a classmate while I was working on my MFA in fiction at the University of Pittsburgh between 2003 to 2006. The critique can be used as a generic critique for any flash fiction story. The critique points out how to write a better piece of flash fiction.

Instead of dealing with the surface story (the particular concrete) I think the stating of a couple of interlocking concepts might be more profitable.

The writing through out is flat. It is flat because the characters are flat and the situations are flat. A round character, as opposed to a flat character, has an organic “internal conflict.” And it is the dynamics of “conflict among round characters” that will also create situations that have depth.

The surface story, the words on the page, should be taking place now. As much of the backstory as possible should be “implied” through the dialogue and “actions” of the characters. All exposition (telling) should be used judiciously.

Finally, there is understory. Understory decides what setting, tone, characterization, description, dialogue and action will be. The surface story is made up of the particular concrete; the understory is the universal abstract. When your characters are arguing about (let’s say) the weather they’re really not arguing about the weather at all. What they’re really arguing about is the understory; the trick is the understory is “the thing left out.” A writer should never state overtly everything there is to know about his or her characters or their situation.

These inter-locking concepts (there are others) are an ideal and an ideal can never be reached, only approached through endless revision.

PS Now don’t make the mistake of making all your characters equally conflicted. Pick who needs to be “fully” conflicted. Pick who needs to be “fully” rounded and who can be “relatively flat.”

My classmates no doubt thought that I should get out more often.

The Greeter (A Christmas Story)

Paul Langley was thinking, how do I pay my rent for next month? Standing at his post at the main entrance to the UPMC Braddock, he could see the nearly empty parking lot was wet from the misty rain falling in the gray of the early morning light. UPMC Braddock is a small hospital, only 199 beds, just outside Pittsburgh. An old woman in a motorized chair slowly approached the entrance. She was alone.

Paul Langley still took his position as a “Greeter” seriously even though word had come down that the hospital was not going to hire anyone from the Senior Community Service Employment Program of AARP, the program he’d been in six months now.

He walked with the old woman in the motorized chair through the main building and over to the Professional Building where he got on the elevator and took her to Suite 209 for her dental appointment. The old woman seemed to be partially blind and her hands and legs were slightly crippled. She spoke with great difficulty. He handed the clerk the appointment card he got from the old woman’s purse and smiled down at the old woman before he left. She wouldn’t have made it without him.

Back at his post at the entrance he stood with the woman who had the next shift. She had more financial resources than he did.

He said, “I’m screwed.”

“Don’t be so proud. Apply to LIHEAP. Apply to Public Assistance. Let them help you with your utilities. Let them help you with the groceries.”

“I’m still screwed.”

The 61B bus back to Pittsburgh didn’t leave for another half an hour. He sat in the little waiting room and opened the paper he’d bought that morning in the dark in the rain from the vending machine at the corner of South Craig and Forbes, the street lights standing sentry up and down the glistening avenue. The Steelers had lost 34-13. When he looked up the old woman in the motorized chair was talking to the woman on “Greeter” duty.

“What’s his name?” the old woman in the motorized chair sputtered, pointing a crippled hand toward him.

“His name’s Paul.”

“Paul,” she said with difficulty, “would you come here?”

He put down the paper and walked over to her. He realized she was crying. With difficulty she said something which took a moment for him to figure out. She had said, “May I kiss you on the cheek?”

He gave a light laugh to cover his confusion. Then he understood. “Sure,” he said. He bent down and she kissed him.

Slow Day At Work

I sit at my desk and listen to the others talk.  There are only two men in the phone room, myself and another man.  There are four women.  Sometimes the women in the interview booths wander into the phone room.  The conversation is lively and colorful.  Not many calls today.  I hope my Social Security check will be electronically deposited by the time I get home so I can pay my rent.

I’m really worried about being five months behind in my rent; but with Social Security at least now I can pay ever month from now on.

GHH

Christmas Eve ’08 (7 a.m.)

I have to work today.  It’s a chilly, rainy day in Pittsburgh; but tomorrow I can sleep in.  I usually don’t do my food shopping until the weekend.  So, I’ll probably just have sandwiches and Oodles of Noodles for Christmas.  I’ll put green peppers, chucks of beef and oysters in the Oodles of Noodles so it’ll be alright.  I’ll pick up some beer today after work.  I’ll also pick up a Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.I’ve been too busy with my new job to do much blogging or even to read the newspaper. 

Tomorrow and for the next few days (I’ll probably call off Friday because there really isn’t much to do at work and no one will get in trouble for calling off) I’ll have plenty of time to blog.

GHH

Third Day On The Job (Yesterday)

Monday on the job was not as overwhelming as last Friday, my first day on the job.  Yesterday (Monday) I answered incoming phone calls, and with my little pocket notebook as a cheat sheet and the one other Intake Case Manager assigned to guide me I started feeling more comfortable.  Our supervisor wants me to just work the phone until I’m ready to move on to the paper work, filling out forms.  I have to admit that at first I had doubts about doing this job (Me, a person with a MFA worried about doing a job that only requires a high school degree.  Maybe that says how insecure I am.)  Now I know I can do it.  Let’s see what today at the job brings.

What a shame that so many people are having their utilities shut off in this kind of weather.  But now I can help.

GHH

Basic Training (A Very Short Story)

My father was a wife beater. So in 1964 at the age of seventeen I enlisted in the army to get away from home…

“Hey, Carter!” Murphy called across the barracks. Everyone was working on his gear. I sat on my footlocker spit shinning my boots.

“Yeah!” I called back.

“You ever eat a woman?”

Eat a woman? I really didn’t know what that meant. Besides, I got flustered around girls. All the older men in the barracks were listening.

“Sure,” I called back.

“Oh, yeah,” he called. “Well, tell me. How did it taste?”

“Salty,” I called.

Several of the older guys laughed appreciatively. Murphy did not harass me for the rest of the day.

The Joy Of Flash Fiction

A well written piece of flash fiction is a delicate, beautiful expression of control and passion.  Control, obviously, because of the extreme brevity; but also there is passion.  It is the passion for beauty.  It is the passion for life.  And it is the passion of art.

Flash fiction is much, much more than just a very short story.

What Is “Literary” Flash Fiction

Literary flash fiction admits that life is complicated, that sometimes there is no finite, easy answer.  Sometimes the answer is unacceptable.  Every once in awhile there will be “no answer.”

“No answer” is a tough one.  We’re brought up to believe there’s always an answer.  We build societies and religions on the premise that there always is an answer, that life makes sense.  That for every action there is an equal counter action.  Well, my friends, if only life was that clean cut.

Literary flash fiction says that life is not that simple.

Happiness (A Very Short Story)

He was now an Income Maintenance Caseworker for the State of Pennsylvania. It would be the best job he’d ever had. At the age of forty seven, he finally had his feet on solid ground. He could even start paying back his student loans.

He left the bar with a twelve pack of beer in a plastic sack. He didn’t have an umbrella. He turned up the collar of his coat against the windy, rainy Pittsburgh night and walked the three blocks to his very modest North Oakland apartment.

Without putting on any lights he clicked on the small radio/CD player that sat on the two, stacked speakers from his youth and days as a frontman for several local basement rock bands. The radio was always tuned to the local public classical music station. The opening bars of “Ode to Joy” began. He took off his coat and hung it up and sat on the sofa in the semi darkness and smoked a cigarette and drank a can of beer and watched the night rain beat against his window pane.

He put out the cigarette in the ashtray on the low table and reached for the telephone that sat on the computer stand next to the sofa. The face of the receiver glowed and he punched in a number.

On the other end a woman’s cultured voice said, “Richard, hello.”

“I got the position.”

“Congratulations!”

“Can you come over?”

“To spend the night?”

“Yes.”

“Let me think.” She was a hostess at a local upscale restaurant. Her two children were away at college and her ex-husband had left years ago. “All right. I can manage that. I’ll have to pack a few things.”

“Oh,” he said.

“Yes?”

“Bring the black nightie?”

“All right.”

“Gloria, we can start making plans now. We can have a life together.”

“I’ll bring something special.”

“I have beer and everything for sandwiches.”

“I’ll pick up a bottle of wine. Good wine. We’ll celebrate. Just give me an hour.”

He sat in the dark waiting. He had a decent job now and a good woman who slept with him. He got up and took a shower.

The Purpose Of Flash Fiction

Flash fiction catches a moment in time that has far reaching impact on at least one character in the story. If nothing has changed for at least one character in the story then what you have is not a story but a sketch. A flash fiction story documents this change. For other great flash fiction writing tips click on Writing Flash Fiction in the sidebar under Categories.

Autobiography Of A Flash Fiction Writer

I don’t remember when I wrote my first piece of flash fiction. I tried to write poems and short stories in high school with different degrees of success. I graduated from Fifth Avenue High School in Pittsburgh in 1964. I’ve been writing ever since; but during the long and tortured road to successful flash fiction publication I didn’t plan to be a flash fiction writer. I’d never heard of flash fiction.

I knew for me, trying to write a novel was out of the question. I tried to write a novel two or three times but lost interest before the novels got very far. That left short stories. After years of sending out short stories and getting them rejected I was devastated with the final realization that no one was going to publish a short story of mine.

Still, the dream of publication would not die. Then as a fifty-something-year-old undergraduate at Pitt I discovered Raymond Carver. Raymond Carver was not a flash fiction writer; but the concept of “minimalism” that was attached to his early work caused me to have an epiphany: if I could tell a story, a complete story, a well written complete story in 1,000 words or less using the minimal amount of concrete details that projected an impact on the life of a character beyond the length of the story my stories would probably be very attractive to publishers and editors who are always pressed for space in their publications even if they are online publications. It was one hell of an epiphany but I was ready for it. I understood it in my bones.

This epiphany has worked for me as a writer. If you are a writer, maybe it can work for you.

PC Security & LIHEAP/Crisis

I started to download an update of some free security from my Internet Provider for my computer this morning but found out it would take over three hours and I’ll probably be on the computer off and on all day today.  So, I cancelled the download; but I definitely do need to upgrade my security.  I’ll have to do it the night before a day off from work.

Tomorrow will be my first week at my new job as an Intake Case Manager in the county’s LIHEAP/Crisis department.  We help people pay their utility bills if the utility has been shut off or is going to be shut off.  I want to do well.  If I do well I’ll be able to apply for permanent, better paying positions within the county that have benefits.  It’s the only reason why I took the job (and I haven’t worked in over two years) which is seasonal, only pays minimum wage and has no benefits.

GHH

Light My Fire (A Short Story)

It was 1967. The jukebox was playing “Light My Fire” by a new band called The Doors. The young woman had a nine a.m. class and she was never late for class. She saw the young man she was dating sprawled in the booth he always sat in against the far wall of the snack bar. From there he could watch both entrances. The clock above the booth on the white wall showed twenty five minutes to nine.

The young woman slid into the booth. She put her notebook, books and shoulder purse down beside her on the seat, a new bright yellow pencil down on the brown table top. The pencil had a sharp point. The young woman didn’t look at the young man, but she felt his gaze across the table top.

“I never come down here this early,” she said.

“I know.”

“Then it’s always so crowded at lunch time.”

“Yes, I know.”

She looked at the his face, and then she looked away.

“You’re still mad at me,” she said.

“I’m not mad at you.”

“Oh, yes you are.”

“No not really.”

A few more students came in. The young woman sat looking down at the bright yellow pencil on the brown table top.

She said, “I can guess what you’re thinking.”

“I’m not thinking anything.”

“I can just imagine what you thought last night.”

“Let’s not talk about it.”

She ducked her head, throwing the hair away from her eyes. She unzipped the shoulder purse, took out matches and a pack of cigarettes. There were only two cigarettes in the pack. She lit one cigarette and did not offer the boy the last cigarette and he did not ask for one.

“Are you still my girlfriend?”

She exhaled smoke, being careful not to look at him. “Yes.”

“Are you sure?”

“Sure I’m sure.”

“Then what was last night all about?”

“I guess I wasn’t ready.”

“Are you kidding?”

“No, I’m not kidding.”

She crushed out the cigarette in the black plastic ashtray. The cigarette had tasted stale. She picked up the bright yellow pencil and concentrated on it as she twirled it very slowly back and forth between both hands.

He asked, “You think I have a disease?”

“I don’t think that.”

“You’re taking the pill, right?”

She looked at him. “Why didn’t you come with me?”

“I can’t get pregnant.”

She looked back at the pencil. The pencil was the nice place to look.

“So,” he said. “Last night would have been safe.”

“Didn’t I just say so?” She looked at him and said, “Can’t we do other things?”

“Other things?”

“Other things. You know like go for walks. Or to the movies or to concerts or the coffee house or even to chapel?”

“Chapel?” He laughed. “Why in the world would you want to go to chapel?”

“We always end up making out in your room. I mean like that’s the only thing we ever do.”

“I thought you liked it?”

“I love it. You know how much I love it.”

The young man stopped sprawling. He leaned forward putting his forearms on the table top. She looked into his eyes. As he spoke his voice was low the way it had been last night as they pressed tightly together in the dark on the narrow bed in his dormitory room. She’d already had three maybe four cans of beer. Her blouse was unbuttoned and she wasn’t wearing a bra. Cherry vanilla incense burned and a Rolling Stones album played while flickering light came through the open window making shadows dance about the room. She finally excused herself to go pee. She really did have to pee. She was a freshman but he was a senior and only seniors lived alone and had private bathrooms. She came out of the bathroom with her blouse buttoned up and tucked back down into her jeans. She didn’t even go over to kiss him goodbye. She left him sitting on his bed in the dancing shadows in his dormitory room.

“We’ll go more places,” he said, now as they sat in the booth in the snack bar. “But you’re supposed to be my girl.”

“Light My Fire” had ended. The clock on the white wall above the booth showed eight minutes to nine. The young woman found her hands in his and the bright yellow pencil on the brown table top. She squeezed the young man’s hands tight. He squeezed back. The jukebox remained silent.

She said, “I can’t.”

He said, “You mean you won’t.”

She said, “I can’t.”

He said, “You mean you won’t”

“No,” she said. “I can’t I can’t I can’t I can’t. You shouldn’t even want me to if I can’t.”

“You won’t.”

“I have to go.” She began gathering her things.

Someone dropped a coin in the jukebox.

Information Overload

Yesterday, at work was an experience.  I spent the morning with the supervisor of the department in her tiny office as she explained to me the contents of a medium thick green folder of what the department did and what my job would be.  I will answer questions, give information and take applications over the phone for our emergency grant program for people who have received a termination notice or have already had one or more of their utilities cut off.  Our department also administers a program to repair or replace furnaces and to weatherize homes.  I will also interview clients in person.

After lunch the supervisor put me on one of the phones.  I took a few calls. The phone was on speaker.  A co-worker leaned on my desk and listened in.  After I gave the name of the program and my own name to a caller I was usually lost.  My co-worker had to take over.

I guess this is what all the other temps in our department had to go through but this is no way to train a new employee.  The really sad thing is is that I know this is how many organizations do it.  It’s counter productive.

GHH

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